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http://beta.aalf.org/wiki/index.php?title=User:ClarestaBondurant555&action=history Revision history for this page on the wiki en MediaWiki 1.13.3 Sun, 01 Nov 2026 23:22:36 GMT http://beta.aalf.org/wiki/index.php?title=User:ClarestaBondurant555&diff=60113&oldid=prev <p>New page: During the early 1800's, scientists began a search for that reason for the ice ages. That search has resulted in a discovery with the factors affecting the Earth's temperature, a knowledge...</p> <p><b>New page</b></p><div>During the early 1800's, scientists began a search for that reason for the ice ages. That search has resulted in a discovery with the factors affecting the Earth's temperature, a knowledge of the current global warming, as well as the strategy to the mystery in the ice ages. *<br /> <br /> The Data: Science is a way of understanding nature by utilizing observation and reason. Man has always been keenly considering the next thunderstorm, but temperature records before 1850 were mostly historical accounts of storms, heat waves, or when bodies of water froze. Thermometers entered utilization in about 1850, allowing better temperature records. One of the most useful records is NASA's graph with the Earth's annual mean temperature, which was compiled from ships logs, weather stations, and satellite measurements. It functions as a scorecard for telling whether or not the Earth is getting warmer or cooler. NASA's data has small random variations from year to year as a result of factors like sunspots, weather events, ocean currents, and particulates from volcanic eruptions. However, NASA's graph demonstrates our planet's temperature has clearly trended upward since 1880 - aside from a curious plateau from 1945 to 1975 then a steeper rise in temperature. The global mean climate is now 1.3 F greater than in 1880, along with the last decade has become the greatest on record. Any theories or causes submitted to clarify our planets atmosphere trend has to be in conjuction with the temperature observations.<br /> <br /> Possible Causes: Nineteenth century scientists realized from geological evidence that the Earth went through many ice ages that alternated with day of warmer climate. Much of the first research on our planets atmosphere would be a look for the main cause of the ice ages. Scientists discovered that many small variables cause the Earth to warm and cool, though the main three causes will be the Sun, particulates, and greenhouse gases.<br /> <br /> The Sun's output seems to have been reasonably stable during the last several million years. Satellite measurements over the past 3 decades demonstrate that while solar radiation has declined ever so slightly in that time, the planet earth continued to warm - so clearly changes in the Sun's output isn't cause of the recent warming. How much sunlight the Earth receives does, however, depend on the Milankovitch Cycles. These cycles are small variations inside the eccentricity, axial tilt, and precession from the Earth's orbit make the quantity of sunlight our planet receives to alter in predictable cycles. Ice core data demonstrates ice ages have a tendency to appear in roughly 100,000-year cycles that match the timing in the Milankovitch cycles. The temperature changes observed, however, less difficult higher than will be a result of the modifications in solar radiation alone. Though an idea towards the source of the ice ages, the Milankovitch Cycles are certainly not the cause of the actual warming. The cycles predict that the minor cooling trend, which began some 6,000 in the past, will continue for one more 23,000 years. The actual warming trend is way too rapid along with a bad direction to the to Milankovitch Cycles to become the source.<br /> <br /> Particulates result in the Earth for cooling by reflecting incoming sunlight back to space. The role of particulates in cooling the planet earth became apparent in 1816 when ash in the explosive eruption of Mt.Tambora caused that year to be called &quot;the year with out a summer&quot;, worldwide. The curious plateau in NASA's temperature record from 1945 to 1975 was primarily a result of particulates from sources like WW II, atmospheric nuclear testing, and increased industrialization. Research throughout the early 1970's showed a tremendous surge in aerosol particulates from power production, factories, and vehicles - and a few alarmists even speculated which they might cause another ice age. Particulates are visible and cause immediate medical problems, so by 1980 most industrialized countries had restrictions on particulate release. Particulates can't be the cause of our planets atmosphere, but reducing their sources can cause the temperature to go up as you can seen in the temperature record after 1980.<br /> <br /> The Greenhouse Effect was discovered in early 1800's when scientists realized that the planet earth was kept warm through the night as the atmosphere trapped invisible heat rays rising from your surface. Around 1860, John Tyndall identified the invisible rays as infrared radiation and found the principle gases that trapped the warmth rays being water vapor and CO2. The amount of water in mid-air remains relatively constant as a result of water cycle. When the humidity is low, water evaporates, and when the humidity gets excessive, it rains. However, CO2 has no such restrictions. Since CO2 comprises only some hundredths of your percent of the air, it absolutely was at first dismissed for cause of warming since it was believed that plants along with the oceans would absorb any excess. In 1896, Svante Arrhenius, while pursuing the concept that variations in CO2 may be the cause of the ice ages, laboriously calculated the effect of cutting the quantity of CO2 within the atmosphere by half. He found out that doing so would lower the temperature of Europe by 4-5 C, perhaps enough to bring on an ice age. Younger crowd learned that doubling the quantity of CO2 might boost the temperature with the atmosphere by 6-7 C. No-one was concerned as Arrhenius' type of the atmosphere was very crude and it was inconceivable that this volume of CO2 would ever double. Some scientists speculated that man should intentionally increase the CO2 for the air to reduce the chances of another ice age.<br /> <br /> As kinds of the atmosphere improved, several scientists attempted to get yourself a better estimate with the effect of doubling the volume of CO2 about the Earth's temperature, but the increasing complexity from the models made the calculations daunting. A breakthrough included the introduction of computers. In 1956, G.N. Plass calculated that doubling the concentration of CO2 in mid-air would spark a 3 or 4 C boost in the Earth's temperature. Many dismissed his work, as it seemed impossible that CO2, which made up only 0.03% from the air, may have this kind of large influence on temperature. However, in 1997, J.T. Keihl found out that, under clear sky conditions, CO2 taken into account 26% in the greenhouse effect - with water along with other greenhouse gases accounting for the rest. Clearly, CO2 could have a major effect on the Earth's [http://www.laeradelhielo4.com/ la era del hielo 4] temperature when it was increasing. But maybe it was?<br /> <br /> CO2: In 1900, Arvid Hgbom calculated the volume of CO2 emitted by industrial sources and, surprisingly, found out that man was adding CO2 to the atmosphere at roughly exactly the same rate as volcanoes. No-one thought a lot of it, during this rate, it would take centuries for your amount of CO2 to improve significantly. However, from a protracted heat wave throughout the 1930's, Guy Callendar re-examined previous temperature and CO2 measurements, and found not only that planet earth was getting warmer, but that atmospheric CO2 concentrations were increasing rapidly. Callendar's work was mostly ignored, but a few scientists began monitoring the power of CO2 more closely. Their results were sporadic but, by 1958, Charles Keeling had established accurate procedures for measuring atmospheric CO2. His lab was eventually moved to the Mauna Loa observatory, faraway from CO2 sources. His graph showing how CO2 varies with time, now referred to as Keeling curve, proved to be a significant bit of evidence. It indicated that the oceans and plants just weren't taking up CO2 nearly as fast as man was producing it. During the last century, the atmospheric CO2 concentration has risen from 280 ppm (ppm) to 385 ppm, a 38% increase, along with the Earth's temperature [http://www.laeradelhielo4.com/ era de hielo deriva continental] has risen by 0.8 C, well in accordance with Plass' prediction. The role of CO2 as the major reason for climate change ended up convincingly established. There exists one more part of evidence that confirms that conclusion.<br /> <br /> Ice Ages: It absolutely was now easy to solve the mystery with the ice ages. The Milankovitch cycles alone cannot explain the changes in the Earth's temperature, though the process becomes clear if CO2 is included. The ice core data signifies that the power of CO2 falls to around 200 ppm throughout an ice age and rises to about 300 ppm throughout the warm part of the cycle. The changing CO2 concentration is simply because the solubility of CO2 in water varies with temperature. Within the part of the cycle the place that the Earth is warmed with the increasing solar radiation, the oceans release CO2, which further amplifies the warming by the greenhouse effect. Inside the main cycle where the solar technology decreases, the oceans cool, the CO2 dissolves again, and the other ice age begins. The power CO2 inside the atmosphere is the &quot;control knob&quot; for your Earth's temperature - and we have recently turned the knob approximately 380 ppm and therefore are moving it higher. The Earth will surely get warmer [http://www.laeradelhielo4.com/ la era de hielo].</div> Fri, 20 Apr 2012 02:05:22 GMT ClarestaBondurant555 http://beta.aalf.org/wiki/index.php?title=User_talk:ClarestaBondurant555